Drug Paraphernalia And The Commonwealth Challenge Program

Darren DelPapa is a sixteen year old male who is currently on courtesy probation supervision in Portsmouth, for charges that occurred in Chesapeake. Charges before the Chesapeake Juvenile and Domestic Relations court were possession of drug paraphernalia, amended from possession of a controlled substance and a curfew citation. The charges were taken under advisement for a period of one year, and Darren was allowed to enroll in the Commonwealth Challenge program in Virginia Beach. He was ordered onto probation, at any time he was not in the Commonwealth Challenge program. Program requirements of the Commonwealth Challenge program do not allow individuals to be on probation as a condition of entry, hence the order of the court. Darren†¦show more content†¦Darren s general attitude toward education is positive; he believes there is a definite benefit to his education and believes the school environment is somewhat encouraging and supportive. Darren is no longer on the baseball team at school, but he has played at various levels since he was 10 years old. Darren wants to graduate and join the military or become a welder. Both Darren and the Freemans feel education is very important to one’s success. Darren currently lives with his guardians, their children, and a sibling. Darren follows household rules and expectations. Darren is consistently subject to appropriate consequences for bad behavior and consistently receives appropriate rewards for good behavior. His guardians always practice good supervision. His guardians clearly disapprove of his behavior. Darren s home includes very little conflict, and the guardian’s authority is accepted and respected by the children. Darren has never run away or been kicked out of the house. His family provides numerous opportunities for growth and always provides love, caring and support. Darren has good relationships with his guardians, their children, and his siblings. There is a strong social support network for Darren s family. Since he was charged with the current offenses, Darren reportedly has peers who have a positive and pro-social influence who are approximately his same age. There are indications Darren previously would be i nfluenced by delinquent peersShow MoreRelatedChesapeake Police Officer Allison Ostman1360 Words   |  6 Pagesintake contact from Chesapeake, Virginia, which are the current offenses. Darren has had an intake contact for a felony offense, which was amended to a misdemeanor offense. The possession of a controlled substance was amended to possession of drug paraphernalia. He also received a curfew citation. Darren was under the influence of marijuana at the time of the current offenses. Darren has had no contact with any other Virginia Court Service Units or other states Court Service Units, which resulted inRead MoreZero Tolerance Policies And School Discipline10009 Words   |  41 Pagesthese same divisions had lower on-time graduation rates than those divisions that did not utilize such means. Background Zero tolerance is one of the influences from the Regan years and was designed as a means to severely punish those involved in drugs according to researcher Dr. Karen Walker. From there, according to Walker, zero tolerance found its way into schools with the passage of the Federal Gun-Free Schools of 1994. This act declared that anyone who brought a firearm onto a school campusRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesKnowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM Challenges 21 Recession 21 Off Shoring 21 Mergers 22 A Look at Ethics 22 Summary 23 Demonstrating Comprehension: Questions for Review 24 Key Terms 24 HRM Workshop 25 Linking Concepts to Practice: Discussion Questions 25 Developing Diagnostic and AnalyticalRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesmembers of their congregations, they owe a great debt to Rastafarianism for reminding them of the cultural history of race in religion. If Jamaicans have evolved a language that is willing to see in itself a quality of resistance and creativity that challenges the control of the colonial structure, it owes much of this to the music of the Rastafarians and to the way that it has transformed the way Jamaicans view themselves in the world. These are all some of the ideas that Edmonds helps us to appreciate

Influenza in the Elderly - 1248 Words

Influenza in the elderly: What you need to know Access to health care services Influenza is a serious but common respiratory illness. The flu usually occurs in 15-25% of the worlds human population each year. This illness typically has a low death rate, with average overall mortality rates of 0.1% (Pierce Black 2008: 1). However, the elderly are one of the more susceptible populations to contracting influenza and suffer more severe consequences than healthy adults as a result of being exposed to the flu. It is true that the elderly often have the advantage of being connected to regular healthcare services. Elderly patients do not have the issue of lacking insurance, unlike their younger counterparts, given that they have Medicare coverage through the government, as well as any private insurance they might possess. However, the elderly may also be more likely to be socially isolated than their younger counterparts, and lack transportation to clinics and pharmacies where they can obtain low-cost flu shots. The efficacy of the flu vaccine has long been noted: there is overwhelming evidence for the clinical efficacy of the influenza vaccine, especially in the elderly with chronic disease, reducing mortality and hospital admissions. There is also evidence to suggest that the influenza vaccine may be beneficial in the healthy elderly (Morgan King 1996: 339). Thus, there is a need to increase compliance amongst the elderly in getting a flu shot on an annualShow MoreRelatedInfluenza And The Elderly : Epidemic1920 Words   |  8 PagesInfluenza and the Elderly The last few days of summer are upon us, the leaves are beginning to change and it is once again fall in East Tennessee. While many are beginning to enjoy a relaxing break before the stresses of winter and the holidays, healthcare providers are bracing for the rush. The rush I speak of is that of doctor’s offices which are over run with those complaining of fevers, aches, and chills. Influenza season begins as early as August and can run as long as in to late March. ThoseRead MoreInfluenza Is An Acute Viral Infection1341 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction (.5 pages) Seasonal influenza commonly referred to as the â€Å"flu† is an acute viral infection caused by the influenza virus that can have possibly devastating effects on a community (â€Å"Influenza (Seasonal),† 2014). Seasonal influenza viruses cause annual epidemics that peak during the winter but can begin as early as late fall and last through early spring (â€Å"Prevention and Control of Influenza,† 2008). Influenza infections in the US affect a large amount of the US population. On averageRead MoreInfluenza Vaccines And The Flu Vaccine1519 Words   |  7 PagesInfluenza Vaccines Summary This paper explores published works related to patients who received the flu vaccine who were sixty-five years and older. The evaluated articles examine the effectiveness the flu vaccine had on the patient population of sixty-five years and older in relation to avoiding the flu and pneumonia diseases and hospitalizations, in this group of patients. It has been conceded for years that senior adults age sixty-five and older are at greater risk from an influenza illness andRead MoreThe Flu Shot: Why Do I Need to Get It? Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pageschildren all the way to the elderly population. First of all, what is the flu vaccine and its purpose? According to Wikipedia, The influenza vaccination is an annual vaccination using a vaccine specific for a given year to protect against the highly variable influenza virus. Each influenza vaccine contains antigens representing three (trivalent vaccine) or four (quadrivalent vaccine) influenza virus strains: one influenza type A subtype H1 N1 virus strain, one influenza type A subtype H3N2 virus strainRead MoreIn a Written Paper of 1,200-1,500 Words, Apply the Concepts of Epidemiology and Nursing Research to a Communicable Disease.1408 Words   |  6 PagesInfluenza Introduction Influenza is among the most prevalent infectious airborne viral diseases that affect the respiratory system. According to the World Health Organization (2016), the infection majorly affects the throat, nose, and the bronchi, and on rare occasions, it may affect the lungs. Also commonly known as the flu, influenza infection is characterized by sneezing, itchy and running nose as well as throat inflammation. The initial signs and symptoms include fever with temperatures higherRead More INFLUENZA Essay1582 Words   |  7 PagesINFLUENZA Introduction One can claim that influenza is an infection that has victimized people from just about every generation that we have known. The term Influenza comes from the Latin word influentia, first used by the Italians in the 1600s. It is a highly contagious infection particulary of the respiratory tract.In addition to us humans, influenza can occur in pigs, horses, and several other mammals as well as in certain wild and birds. It can also jump from specie to specie as observedRead MoreInfluenza is caused by an RNA virus from the Orthomyxoviridae family (that consists of the genera700 Words   |  3 PagesInfluenza is caused by an RNA virus from the Orthomyxoviridae family (that consists of the genera influenza A, B, and C). Human influenza A and B viruses cause seasonal epidemics almost each winter within the United States. Influenza type B infects humans only, therefore it is unable of undergoing a mutation. Pandemics are caused solely by influenza A strains. The emergence of a new and completely different influenza virus to infect people will cause an influenza pandemic. Influenza kind C infectionsRead MoreEssay On Critical Evaluation Of Control Plan1112 Words   |  5 Pages5. Critical evaluation of control strategies within plans 5.1 Surveillance and detection As influenza is a global virus, surveillance is carried out at several levels: globally by the WHO’s Global Influenza Programme (GIP); regionally, for example European surveillance; and nationally by each countrys own surveillance systems (Johnson et al., 2010; WHO, 2017c). Various other global data sharing websites, for example FluNet and FluID provide up-to-date global surveillance information, allowing nationalRead MoreVaccine and Influenza Illness Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesGrant Wade April 22, 2001 Influenza Influenza Influenza, also known as the flu, is a virus that infects the respiratory tract. Although Influenza is not as severe as many viral infections it is almost the worst for viral infections of the respiratory tract. Typically, when someone is infected with influenza they experience fever (usually 100 ° to 103 °F in adults, but even higher in children) and causes a cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, and also headaches, muscle aches, and usuallyRead More INFLUENZA Essay examples1179 Words   |  5 Pages Influenza, also known as â€Å"the flu,† is a virus that infects the respiratory tract. Although Influenza is not as severe as many viral infections its almost the worst for viral infections of the respiratory tract. Typically, when someone is infected with influenza they experience fever (usually 100 ° to 103 °F in adults, but even higher in children) and causes a cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, and also headaches, muscle aches, and usually extreme tiredn ess. There are sometimes other symptoms

Federal Trade Comission Free Essays

In the given case, the Federal Trade Commission claimed that Texas Surgeons Independent Practice Association(IPA) of 26 general surgeons in the Austin, Texas and six competing medical practice groups who are the members of this association (the respondents), Texas Surgeons P. A. (â€Å"Texas Surgeons†), Austin Surgeons, P. We will write a custom essay sample on Federal Trade Comission or any similar topic only for you Order Now L. L. C. (â€Å"AS†), Austin Surgical Clinic Association, P. A. (â€Å"ASCA†), Bruce McDonald Associates, P. L. L. C. (â€Å"BMA†), Capital Surgeons Group, P. L. L. C. (â€Å"CSG†), Central Texas Surgical Associates, P. A. (â€Å"CTSA†), and Surgical Associates of Austin, P. A. (â€Å"SAA†), violated Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, 15 U. S. C.  § 45 by engaging in unlawful act of price fixing. FTC alleged complaint that the IPA organized collective refused to deal with two health plans, Blue cross Blue Shield and United Health Care of Texas, terminated the contract with Blue Cross Blue Shield and threatened to terminate contracts with the United Health Care of Texas if the payer refuse to agree with their demand of raising reimbursement rate. As per demand, both plans increased their rates. Blue Cross accepted a rate agreement with the respondents in early 1998 after facing problems getting an emergency room patient treated by a general surgeon. The respondents collectively secured rate agreement resulted nearly 30% above the April 1997 level. In this case, the practices of the respondents went against the welfare of the public, constitute unfair methods of competition and antitrust actions. This anti competitive action cost health plan, employers and patients, more than $1,000,000 for surgical services in 1998 and 1999 in the Austin, Texas area. In the mid-1970, the FTC formed a section within the Bureau of Competition to investigate potential anti trust violations involving healthcare. In the health care area, as in the case of any other field, the antitrust laws are enforced so check not only possible competitive harm but also the potential for pro competitive increase in efficiency, lower health care cost, provide better quality care to the consumers, enhance innovative strategy to provide improved quality care at low cost. Federal antitrust guidelines allow independent physicians to appoint a representative messenger to communicate with payers about fees and contract terms, but annot represent the competing physicians collectively. However, in this case, the Texas Surgeons IPA served as a vehicle for the six respondent medical practice groups to engage in actual refusals to deal, and to negotiate collectively, in order to receive higher prices from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas and United Healthcare of Texas. The six r espondent medical practice groups furthered the unlawful act through their collective control of the Texas Surgeons IPA board of directors, and through their direct participation in collective fee negotiations between United and the Texas Surgeons IPA. The commission proposed a consent order as a remedy to prevent the respondent from getting indulge in future unlawful act that is alleged in the complaint while allowing respondents to engage in legitimate joint conduct. The proposed order prohibits the IPA from a) negotiating on behalf of any physician with health plans b) refusing to deal with health plan or threatening health plans to agree on their demand c) exchanging information among Austin area physicians regarding negotiations with any health plan regarding reimbursement terms d) determining the terms on which its members deal with health plans. The order contains three provisos that permit the respondents to 1. Negotiate for physicians limited to the same medical practice group; 2. Engage in conduct approved and supervised by the state of Texas; and 3. Engage in conduct that is reasonably necessary to operate ‘qualified risk- sharing joint arrangements- so long as they give adequate pre- notification. The commission’s proposal allows the IPA to avoid such claims of price- fixing and antitrust if it acts in one of two ways: ) Financial Risk Sharing: As a qualified managed care plan which allows competing providers to negotiate prices jointly without being charged with price fixing act by the Federal antitrust agencies if they share substantial financial risk on contracts . It means that participating providers share responsibility for staying within a defined budget. The antitrust agencies believe that the competing providers should work together to achieve common, procompetitive goals of reducing cost and impro ving quality. Share incentives could also focus on â€Å"quality† or Health outcome† factors. Both the way of risk sharing has potential of providing high quality care to the patient at low cost. 2) Messenger Model: The fifth provision (Section II. A. 5 of the proposed order) ensures that a neutral third party who is not a physician with an active practice in the Austin area, be the communicator between any respondent and any payer to deal with any terms. Under this arrangement, the network organization does not negotiate agreement with the payer about any term or price; it allows the individual providers to make an individual decision, based on proposal from payer. Physician individually, through third party, conveys and receives information, offers, and responses from the payers or providers. However, the individual providers can give â€Å"sign off† authority to network organization within specified range. In addition, the commission order ensures that any respondent who are intending to use messenger model arrangement should provide prior notification to the commission. Price- fixing agreements among the competitors are not accepted by law. It is considered serious act because the consumers, plans and employers pay heavy price for it such as, †¢ Consumers loss the benefits of competition Increases the health care cost; Blue Cross, United, their individual subscribers, and employers paid more than one million dollars were paid for the services of surgeons. Therefore, review of such cases is crucial to encourage the competitor to work together as a team to improve quality of services, while reducing cost. References http://www. cro well. com/documents/DOCASSOCFKTYPE_PRESENTATIONS_705. pdf http://www. accessmylibrary. com/article-1G1-77013366/texas-surgeons-settle-price. html http://www. ftc. gov/os/2000/05/texascmp. htm How to cite Federal Trade Comission, Papers Federal Trade Comission Free Essays In the given case, the Federal Trade Commission claimed that Texas Surgeons Independent Practice Association(IPA) of 26 general surgeons in the Austin, Texas and six competing medical practice groups who are the members of this association (the respondents), Texas Surgeons P. A. (â€Å"Texas Surgeons†), Austin Surgeons, P. We will write a custom essay sample on Federal Trade Comission or any similar topic only for you Order Now L. L. C. (â€Å"AS†), Austin Surgical Clinic Association, P. A. (â€Å"ASCA†), Bruce McDonald Associates, P. L. L. C. (â€Å"BMA†), Capital Surgeons Group, P. L. L. C. (â€Å"CSG†), Central Texas Surgical Associates, P. A. (â€Å"CTSA†), and Surgical Associates of Austin, P. A. (â€Å"SAA†), violated Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, 15 U. S. C.  § 45 by engaging in unlawful act of price fixing. FTC alleged complaint that the IPA organized collective refused to deal with two health plans, Blue cross Blue Shield and United Health Care of Texas, terminated the contract with Blue Cross Blue Shield and threatened to terminate contracts with the United Health Care of Texas if the payer refuse to agree with their demand of raising reimbursement rate. As per demand, both plans increased their rates. Blue Cross accepted a rate agreement with the respondents in early 1998 after facing problems getting an emergency room patient treated by a general surgeon. The respondents collectively secured rate agreement resulted nearly 30% above the April 1997 level. In this case, the practices of the respondents went against the welfare of the public, constitute unfair methods of competition and antitrust actions. This anti competitive action cost health plan, employers and patients, more than $1,000,000 for surgical services in 1998 and 1999 in the Austin, Texas area. In the mid-1970, the FTC formed a section within the Bureau of Competition to investigate potential anti trust violations involving healthcare. In the health care area, as in the case of any other field, the antitrust laws are enforced so check not only possible competitive harm but also the potential for pro competitive increase in efficiency, lower health care cost, provide better quality care to the consumers, enhance innovative strategy to provide improved quality care at low cost. Federal antitrust guidelines allow independent physicians to appoint a representative messenger to communicate with payers about fees and contract terms, but annot represent the competing physicians collectively. However, in this case, the Texas Surgeons IPA served as a vehicle for the six respondent medical practice groups to engage in actual refusals to deal, and to negotiate collectively, in order to receive higher prices from Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas and United Healthcare of Texas. The six r espondent medical practice groups furthered the unlawful act through their collective control of the Texas Surgeons IPA board of directors, and through their direct participation in collective fee negotiations between United and the Texas Surgeons IPA. The commission proposed a consent order as a remedy to prevent the respondent from getting indulge in future unlawful act that is alleged in the complaint while allowing respondents to engage in legitimate joint conduct. The proposed order prohibits the IPA from a) negotiating on behalf of any physician with health plans b) refusing to deal with health plan or threatening health plans to agree on their demand c) exchanging information among Austin area physicians regarding negotiations with any health plan regarding reimbursement terms d) determining the terms on which its members deal with health plans. The order contains three provisos that permit the respondents to 1. Negotiate for physicians limited to the same medical practice group; 2. Engage in conduct approved and supervised by the state of Texas; and 3. Engage in conduct that is reasonably necessary to operate ‘qualified risk- sharing joint arrangements- so long as they give adequate pre- notification. The commission’s proposal allows the IPA to avoid such claims of price- fixing and antitrust if it acts in one of two ways: ) Financial Risk Sharing: As a qualified managed care plan which allows competing providers to negotiate prices jointly without being charged with price fixing act by the Federal antitrust agencies if they share substantial financial risk on contracts . It means that participating providers share responsibility for staying within a defined budget. The antitrust agencies believe that the competing providers should work together to achieve common, procompetitive goals of reducing cost and impro ving quality. Share incentives could also focus on â€Å"quality† or Health outcome† factors. Both the way of risk sharing has potential of providing high quality care to the patient at low cost. 2) Messenger Model: The fifth provision (Section II. A. 5 of the proposed order) ensures that a neutral third party who is not a physician with an active practice in the Austin area, be the communicator between any respondent and any payer to deal with any terms. Under this arrangement, the network organization does not negotiate agreement with the payer about any term or price; it allows the individual providers to make an individual decision, based on proposal from payer. Physician individually, through third party, conveys and receives information, offers, and responses from the payers or providers. However, the individual providers can give â€Å"sign off† authority to network organization within specified range. In addition, the commission order ensures that any respondent who are intending to use messenger model arrangement should provide prior notification to the commission. Price- fixing agreements among the competitors are not accepted by law. It is considered serious act because the consumers, plans and employers pay heavy price for it such as, †¢ Consumers loss the benefits of competition Increases the health care cost; Blue Cross, United, their individual subscribers, and employers paid more than one million dollars were paid for the services of surgeons. Therefore, review of such cases is crucial to encourage the competitor to work together as a team to improve quality of services, while reducing cost. References http://www. cro well. com/documents/DOCASSOCFKTYPE_PRESENTATIONS_705. pdf http://www. accessmylibrary. com/article-1G1-77013366/texas-surgeons-settle-price. html http://www. ftc. gov/os/2000/05/texascmp. htm How to cite Federal Trade Comission, Essay examples

Cybercrime and Information Systems Controls- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCybercrime and Information Systems Controlsfor iPremier. Answer: Introduction The report aimed to study a case of DoS attack incident occurred in iPremier organization during January 2009. iPremier is successful web-based high-end retailer organization; during 2009, the organization was shut down by Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. However, series of event occurred before, during and after the cyber attack; the case study clearly stated all of them. In short, Jack Samuelson, CEO appointed Bob Turley as CIO; Joanne Ripley was Tech Team leader, Leon Ledbetter worked as tech specialist and Leon detected the attack. Bob Turley was distant from iPremier headquarters; so he took follow-up of everything over phone calls. Joanne Ripley reached data center for taking preventive actions on her own; without any precautions considered. CEO, Jack Samuelson took authority for taking corrective actions against DDoS attack; he was distant from the incident too. Apparently, all measures in iPremier failed to stop the DDoS attack; they had to wait until the attack s tops and security breach occurred. In this report, the researchers have provided critical evaluation of iPremier management activities related to information security. The critical evaluation is followed with COBIT security control objectives. Certain justifications were discussed about whether security was foremost priority for iPremier or not. Furthermore, three measures are mentioned in the report that is taken so that DoS attack can be prevented. However, these actions were obvious failure from preventing the attack from happening. The CIO thought about pulling off cord, shutting off power thing. As per realistic thinking, shutting off power and pulling out cords could lead to loss of log files. Therefore, log data recovery will be minimal for clients and higher authority. Some internal controls are mentioned in later sections so that iPremier can detect, prevent and correct their operations in cyber security. For iPremier case study, some measures were available that could be adopted for preventing the cyber attack. Data center monitoring: CIO Bob Turley asked Leon Ledbetter for calling data center professionals to look into obvious hacked incident. iPremier retailer organization had recruited 24/7 monitoring professionals for performing investigations, daily assessments, and network monitoring activities. However, Joanne Ripley reached the datacenter at QData and came to know that datacenter professional was at vacation in Aruba. For the time being, the web server was rebooted; however, source of attack was unknown and attack was not stopped. Joanne Ripley tried to shut down the traffic from attacking addresses; but the attackers spawned zombies. Every time Joanne tried to shut down traffic from single attackers address; shut down zombie triggers attack from ten other sites and the attack continued. Emergency procedures: Bob Turley mentioned about emergency procedures; whether it can be adopted for stopping the attack. Joanne Ripley served the information that the organization had two binders; both are out of date. Physical measures: Bob Turley thought of pulling off plugs, disconnect communication links, power cards; shutting off the power to stop credit card being stolen. Their network engineer had protested; it will ruin everything. Tim answered that this will cause loss of logging data. There will be huge public disclosure issues as well. On the contrary, detailed logging is disabled in servers and hence, log preservation is irrelevant. Since, detailed logging consumes more disk space; finance managers were not willing to pay for additional disk spaces. However, if additional disk spaces were available and detailed logging was enabled; then detailed log data was stored. The iPremier authority could have this particular attack evidence based on technical details and timestamps mentioned in log files. However, to protect smaller log files, Tim asked Bob Turley not to take any physical measures whatsoever. If iPremier retailer organization requires to in-source their data center, they should consider some preventive, detection and corrective measures as internal control. The internal controls are mentioned as following: Detect DoS Attack: The iPremier runs their own server and therefore, they are able to identify when they are under attack. Therefore, the server end, IT professional end should have proper information about DoS attacks and they IT departments should have emergency procedures installed in system. It is recommended that DoS attack should be detected at from very first minute the website is hacked; otherwise, the sensitive information could be stolen. Sooner the attack is detected; the sooner network professionals can start taking preventive measures. Prevent at Network Perimeter: Few technical measures exist that can be considered for partial mitigation of attack effects. Especially when the attack started; in first few minutes, some technical measures can be considered in simple way. For instance, CIO, tech specialist, tech team leader can take certain actions as: Provide limit on bandwidth over router for controlling the web server being overwhelmed Add necessary filters to pass router for dropping network packets that are sent from obvious attack source Provide timeout with half-open connections immediately Drop spoofed or distorted network packets Set lower UDP, SYN, and ICMP flood drop thresholds However, some software and analytics tools should be implemented in the server end. ISP and network hosting should be null routed in order to bypass the infected network packets from genuine routers. Create DoS playbook: The best corrective measure is to create DoS playbook in the organization. DoS attack playbook should document every details of steps that should be followed for pre-planned response in case of attack. Playbook should include a fit out plan with all contact person names and contact number, addresses mentioned. Bibliography Anwar, S., Mohamad Zain, J., Zolkipli, M. F., Inayat, Z., Khan, S., Anthony, B., Chang, V. (2017). From Intrusion Detection to an Intrusion Response System: Fundamentals, Requirements, and Future Directions.Algorithms,10(2), 39. Bartariya, S., Rastogi, A. (2016). Security in wireless sensor networks: Attacks and solutions.environment,5(3). Chlela, M., Mascarella, D., Joos, G., Kassouf, M. (2017). Fallback Control for Isochronous Energy Storage Systems in Autonomous Microgrids Under Denial-of-Service Cyber-Attacks.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. Khan, R., Maynard, P., McLaughlin, K., Laverty, D., Sezer, S. (2016, August). Threat Analysis of BlackEnergy Malware for Synchrophasor based Real-time Control and Monitoring in Smart Grid. InICS-CSR. Kumar, U., Pandey, S. K. (2016, August). Dynamic Model on DDoS Attack in Computer Network. InProceedings of the International Conference on Informatics and Analytics(p. 11). ACM. Somani, G., Gaur, M. S., Sanghi, D., Conti, M., Rajarajan, M. (2016). DDoS victim service containment to minimize the internal collateral damages in cloud computing.Computers Electrical Engineering. Wu, Y., Wei, Z., Weng, J., Li, X., Deng, R. H. (2017). Resonance Attacks on Load Frequency Control of Smart Grids.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

Traveling Through the Dark free essay sample

Swerve means to go off path to get around something. Although not all situations are choices, there are times when a person must stop and make a choice to take another path. The author’s choice to use the word ‘swerve’ represents the uncertainty of life and how often people come across situations that were not at first apart of their path, and swerving is the only opinion in order to get where they want to be. The setting is dark and fills the poem with a feeling of danger and suspense; the suspense of a decision between life and death. Traveling through the dark† not only shows the narrator literally traveling at night, but also shows confusion. The narrator is all alone in the dark of the night with no one to help make a choice. Also the quotation â€Å"I stood in the warm exhaust turning red† symbolizes the fawn and the dead mother. We will write a custom essay sample on Traveling Through the Dark or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ‘Red’ indicates death and blood, and ‘warm’ signifies the warmth being exposed from the deer’s stomach because of the life inside of it. It also appeals to the senses of sight and touch because the narrator can see the dead deer but was unable to notice the fawn until he touched the mother’s stomach. The author also uses personification in line fourteen, â€Å"under the hood purred the steady engine. † The author gives the inside of the car life like actions, although realistically, the car is not alive. Just as, the deer itself is not alive, yet inside of it a fawn is living, breathing, and being supported off of its dead mother. â€Å"Her fawn lay there waiting, alive, still, never to be born. Beside that mountain road I hesitated. † The narrator felt no guilt in throwing the â€Å"heap† over the side of the canyon. However, upon learning that beside him there lay a fawn waiting on his decision; waiting for her inevitable fate to be revealed, the narrator’s mind is changed. He believes death is a part of life, and it is not be grieved over, but rather to be only respected. But life on the other hand, is to be valued, and although it is remarkable that the fawn is still being supported, there are other lives at stake that deserve to be cherished. The narrator encountered his â€Å"only swerving† and â€Å"thought hard for us all† and chose to throw the dead deer and her living fawn over the edge for â€Å"to swerve might make more dead. † Traveling Through the Dark free essay sample The poem by William Stafford, â€Å"Traveling Through the Dark† presents readers with an uncomfortable and rather grim instance of the intersection of the natural world and that of man. Technology, in this case cars and the man-made road, are seen as something invasive and harmful in this poem. In order to convey the meaning of the poem â€Å"Traveling Through the Dark† by William Stafford uses a conversational style to communicate the theme in the poem of the role of technology in modern life and, more importantly, the theme of man versus nature becomes apparent. There are multiple ways of perceiving the poem and the tensions between man and technology it presents. One viewpoint, as expressed by Judith Kitchen in her book â€Å"Writing the World: Understanding William Staffordâ€Å", suggests that the poem by Stafford, â€Å"Traveling Through the Dark† demonstrates â€Å"the encroachment of mechanized society on the wilderness† (Kitchen). For Kitchen, this poem deceptively simple and straightforward title of the poem by William Stafford, â€Å"Travelling Through the Dark† and its conversational style belie an incredibly deep sense of pain and guilt that the narrator suffers through. We will write a custom essay sample on Traveling Through the Dark or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By examining the way the poem uses language to express these emotions, particularly by looking at the way certain objects take on a life (the car, for instance, which itself â€Å"aims† and swerves† as though it is the embodiment of man and technology) Kitchen expresses how the poem by Stafford â€Å"Traveling Through the Dark† hides a complex message about man and nature behind deceptively simple phrasing, syntax, and tone. She points out ways in which some very simple word choices in the poem by William Stafford, â€Å"Traveling Through the Dark† take on monumental importance, stating, for example, that when the poet refers to the â€Å"group† witnessing this event, â€Å"The group appears to be the man, the deer, the unborn fawn, and by extension, all of nature† (Kitchen). In short, Judith Kitchen assists the casual reader of this poem to see past the conversational style and into the more metaphorical and implicit meanings of what seem like blunt word and image choices on the part of Stafford. Kitchen is not alone in her perception of this poem as a statement about the collision of man and technology. In his article, â€Å"Traveling Through the Dark: The Wilderness Surrealism of the Far West† by William Young, the images and sounds of machines and nature are at the apex of its meaning. As he points out, â€Å"In Stanza Four, we have the juxtaposition of machine and wilderness, complicated by the animal ‘purr’ of the motor and the human listening of the wilderness† (Young 193). While his article examines the role of surrealism in this poem, this lending of human characteristics to nature and machines (and the reverse as well) is part of the surreal quality of the poem. Young is interested in the way the sounds of machines are like those in nature and how some of the same images one finds in nature are part of both humanity and technology simultaneously. In short, Young presents a very broad scope in his discussion of this poem and he looks at the vast nature of the message he suggests Stafford is trying to convey. As both articles suggest, there is a clear message in the poem about the intersection of man, nature, and technology. The narrator’s car itself is like a character in the poem and as Young suggests, it â€Å"purrs† and seems to make its own decisions to swerve. It is careless and driven by something mindless—something not in touch with the more gently representation of nature. It is worth noting that the deer is a doe that is pregnant and is thus nature at its weakest and most vulnerable. The opposition between a motor and a man-made road and the natural world is obvious and the man must push the deer into the river, which is back into the circulation of the natural world. There is a tension here and the poem’s aim is to make the reader see this as a negative encounter. The speaker, as Kitchen suggests, is almost afraid to utter strong words and he skirts around things he might otherwise say in a more blunt fashion, as would fit with the conversational tone of the poem. For instance, instead of saying the deer was pregnant, he says, â€Å"I dragged her off, she was large in the belly. The sense is that it would be too difficult—to human—to suggest she was pregnant. Instead, the narrator puts it in a way we can digest. He cannot come out and discuss the impact of car (technology) on the natural world, but skirts around it and discusses the deer as something entirely different and alien from the man-made elements surrounding her. The uncomfortable way the narrator describes the event, along with interesting choices of words and phrasing, makes the reader aware that this oem is meant to reflect the idea that this was a negative experience and that man and technology are encroaching on the wilderness and causing harm. The fact that it was not just a deer but a pregnant female deer is important because it shows nature at its most vulnerable. It also shows the way that technology and man feel obligated to â€Å"do something† in nature, even if it is a service (like removing a dead deer from the road) and presents the way this is an uncomfortable task as it highlights the tensions between man and nature.

Free Essays on Mexican Econ

Mexican Economy By: Jose Luis Torrente Mexican Economy I. Historical, Population, Culture, Political, and Economic Information History Mexico was the site of some of the earliest and most advanced civilizations in the western hemisphere. The Mayan culture, according to archaeological research, attained its greatest development about the 6th century AD. Another group, the Toltec, established an empire in the Valley of Mexico and developed a great civilization still evidenced by the ruins of magnificent buildings and monuments. The leading tribe, the Aztec, built great cities and developed an intricate social, political, and religious organization. Their civilization was highly developed, both intellectually and artistically. The first European explorer to visit Mexican territory was Francisco Fernndez de CÃ ³rdoba, who in 1517 discovered traces of the Maya in Yucatn. In 1535, some years after the fall of the Aztec capital, the basic form of colonial government in Mexico was instituted with the appointment of the first Spa nish viceroy, Antonio de Mendoza. A distinguishing characteristic of colonial Mexico was the exploitation of the Native Americans. Although thousands of them were killed during the Spanish conquest, they continued to be the great majority of inhabitants of what was referred to as New Spain, speaking their own languages and retaining much of their native culture. Inevitably they became the laboring class. Their plight was the result of the 'encomienda' system, by which Spanish nobles, priests, and soldiers were granted not only large tracts of land but also jurisdiction over all Native American residents. A second characteristic of colonial Mexico was the position and power of the Roman Catholic church. Franciscan, Augustinian, Dominican, and Jesuit missionaries entered the country with the conquistadores. The Mexican church became enormously wealthy through gifts and bequests that could be held in perpetuity. ... Free Essays on Mexican Econ Free Essays on Mexican Econ Mexican Economy By: Jose Luis Torrente Mexican Economy I. Historical, Population, Culture, Political, and Economic Information History Mexico was the site of some of the earliest and most advanced civilizations in the western hemisphere. The Mayan culture, according to archaeological research, attained its greatest development about the 6th century AD. Another group, the Toltec, established an empire in the Valley of Mexico and developed a great civilization still evidenced by the ruins of magnificent buildings and monuments. The leading tribe, the Aztec, built great cities and developed an intricate social, political, and religious organization. Their civilization was highly developed, both intellectually and artistically. The first European explorer to visit Mexican territory was Francisco Fernndez de CÃ ³rdoba, who in 1517 discovered traces of the Maya in Yucatn. In 1535, some years after the fall of the Aztec capital, the basic form of colonial government in Mexico was instituted with the appointment of the first Spa nish viceroy, Antonio de Mendoza. A distinguishing characteristic of colonial Mexico was the exploitation of the Native Americans. Although thousands of them were killed during the Spanish conquest, they continued to be the great majority of inhabitants of what was referred to as New Spain, speaking their own languages and retaining much of their native culture. Inevitably they became the laboring class. Their plight was the result of the 'encomienda' system, by which Spanish nobles, priests, and soldiers were granted not only large tracts of land but also jurisdiction over all Native American residents. A second characteristic of colonial Mexico was the position and power of the Roman Catholic church. Franciscan, Augustinian, Dominican, and Jesuit missionaries entered the country with the conquistadores. The Mexican church became enormously wealthy through gifts and bequests that could be held in perpetuity. ...

Foundation Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Foundation Business Management - Essay Example These leaders create a winning field through effective planning, decision making and team working thereby rendering productivity in each of the different business units of the company. Thus McDonald’s works on the management model of employee empowerment in empowering the individuals to take business and customer servicing decisions on their own (Daft and Marcic 441). Management Structure The organizational or management structure of the firm reflected large amount of decentralization which is focused in the Organic Approach. The organic approach reflects that organizations working in a decentralized fashion turns all the more complex in nature. It is observed that McDonald’s through the decentralized approach helped the individual business units to become business leaders on their own. These units spread along various regions of the world need to be managed in an integrated fashion by the central head quarters of the company. These units also differentiated largely bas ed on varying tastes and cultures and hence needed to mutually adjust their needs so as to fit the corporate culture of the business organization. Henceforth it is observed that the organic structure of McDonald’s is highly complex and decentralized in fashion. Further the units in such management structure become highly differentiated and thus needs to be closely integrated with the corporate philosophy (Hill and Jones, 427). Culture of the Company The culture of McDonald’s are composed of a diversified variety of people belonging to different regions of the world. Diversified organizational culture also emanates owing to the varying tastes of the consumers pertaining to such regions. The company in order to address the needs of such people belonging to diversified cultures is found to change their organizational policies. Thus the company changes both the product and servicing policies in order to fit both the western and Asian cultures in a simultaneous fashion (Sta nford). Mercedes Benz Model of Management Mercedes Benz mainly operates based on the philosophy of management innovation. The company in order to gain enhanced market share in the different nations works to innovate newer business processes and to produce newer designs. The process of innovation helps the company to meet the changing needs of the consumers and thereby adapts to the changing scenarios and periods. Working on the innovation process the company decided to open up overseas branches and also incorporated the business model of acquiring other automobile firms in foreign countries. These policies and innovative models helped in enhancing the potential of the automobile manufacturer to compete effectively while operating in foreign countries (Albaum, Duerr and Strandskov 48). Management Structure The study of organizational philosophy of Mercedes Benz reflects that the organization renders increased priority to the model of innovation. The company through the model of innov ation works in meeting the changing needs of the consumers based along different periods and regions. Mercedes Benz to foster such innovation works on a decentralized fashion. The people pertaining to the different units are granted the power to make

Osama bin Laden Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Osama bin Laden - Research Paper Example However, many people believe that America is responsible for the making of Osama as a hard core criminal. America has given training to Osama and his allies to fight against the former Soviet communist regime in Afghanistan. They educated Osama that communism is the enemy of Islam and expelling communism form the soil of Afghanistan is necessary for sustaining Islamic beliefs in Afghanistan. America did succeed in exploiting the in depth belief of Osama in Islamic beliefs and the Soviet Union forced to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan as a result of the efforts of Osama and Taliban groups. When America was giving training to Osama on terrorist activities, they never thought about the possibilities that one day Osama may use his power against them also. In other words, America’s efforts to attack communism through Osama, hit them back just like a boomerang. This paper analyses the development of Osama Bin Laden as the most wanted criminal in the world most wanted criminal i n the world. Osama Bin Laden was born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on March 10, 1957. His father was a close friend of the ruling royal family which helped him to establish the Bin Laden group of companies. Immediately after the birth of Osama, his parents got divorced and brought up under the single parent control. During his childhood, he was a normal child who has shown immense interests in religious activities. In Saudi Arabia, it was allowed to the Muslims to marry as much as girls. Osama’s father had ten wives while Osama started his multi marriage activities at the age of 17 by marrying Najwa Ghanem. He has completed his schooling from Al Thanger model school, and graduated in economics and business administration from King Abdul Aziz University. There are some reports which show that he has taken a civil engineering degree also. In any case, it is agreed by all the people who know Osama that he was a hard working person who has shown many interests in religious beliefs and also in interpreting teachings of Quran and jihad. According to Osama Bin Laden, â€Å"Jihad gives licence to indulge in all sorts of aggravated sins†1. He was succeeded in giving different interpretations to the word Jihad. He thought that jihad is the licence given to human or Muslims by God or Allah to fight against all kinds of evil acts, taught by Islam. The struggles Muslim people suffered, at different parts of the world were considered by Osama as the result of evil acts committed against Islam. He started to view all the political activities and religious clashes happening at different parts of the world against Islam as convincing reasons for conducting jihad. According to Osama’s wife Najwa Bin Laden, â€Å"No one in Osama’s family took umbrage at Osama’s political awareness and religiosity. Osama was highly praised for his keen interest in supporting Islam†2. In other words, nobody in Osama’s family though that Osama’s be liefs, views and opinions may one day shape in its present forms. Everybody thought that like most of the other Saudi people, Osama is also preaching something about jihad; but nobody thought that Osama may practice it in real life in future. Osama was adamant in his beliefs in Sharia laws. He was of the view that the destruction of Sharia laws is the major reason for the problems in Muslim world. Osama started talk consistently about the necessities of

Consumer behavior Individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer behavior Individual - Assignment Example Apple’s main mission is to maintain high quality standards for its products and this helps them to serve its customers with an innovative and technologically advanced product line. Apple not only focuses on development of innovative products, but also protects consumer interest and values consumer welfare (OGrady, 2009). Apple is devoted to continuously develop innovative products so that their customers get to avail the latest technologies. The company’s vision is to provide exceptional technological experiences for their customers all over the world (OGrady, 2009). The company operates in a highly competitive market. Some potential competitors of Apple Inc are Samsung Electronics Co., Lenovo Group Limited, Dell Inc. and Microsoft Corporation. The competitors of Apple provided similar products at a reasonable cost. Companies like Samsung and IBM started capturing Apple’s market share. The products of Apple could not be afforded by all sections of the population. In the market for technology, consumers enjoy a high substitution rate of products because of the availability of large number of alternatives in the market (Barney, 1995). The market share of Apple Inc. and its competitors can be explained by the figure below. Apple Inc. captures the prime market share i.e. the company captures 30% of the total market share. Nokia covers over 23% of the total market share and Samsung has an 11% market share of the total. Other companies capture the rest of the market (Source: Ferrell & Hartline, 2012). Apple operates in a highly competitive market. Several companies have come up with products which are similar to Apple’s products. The rivals of the company follow a pricing strategy that enables them to offer alternatives to apple’s product at a relatively low price. There is a high substitution rate in the market as switching cost for the customers is quite low. The competitors also aggressively advertise their products through social media

Training Methods In A Multinational Corporation Business Essay

Training Methods In A Multinational Corporation Business Essay Since past few decades, it can be known that excellence in human resource plays a vital role for improving productivity, business performance and overall companies growth. To gain best and to maintain its performance of human capital, it is very important to invest in human capital through education and Training. Effective employee training is not only important to raise long term services and economic growth, but it also provides a unique and differentiated position which improves the standard and quality of creation out coming the regular innovation and high productivity and profitability. From an employee perspective, these same factors are crucial and critical for skill development and career advancement (Anderson, 1998). Training is a process of learning through professional development. So understanding that how today international business is can successfully manage their human resources across different countries is a major issue for management practitioners in this fast growing world. This Globalization has placed a platform to many large corporations to increase their business activities internationally. In this topic we are going to discuss the difference between training methods in multinational companies in India and United States of America (U.S.A). We will consider the cross-cultural point of view fundamentals to understand the difference as well as the similarity and the implementation of India and USA which targeted the high expectation of better outcome within their enterprises. This essay will evaluate and give attention to the understanding of the both cultural background as well as their working environment to focus the expectation of each countries. This essay also presents various points of the Training system and explains the how it generally operates within the enterprises; this will help us to know how knowledge transfer is done in a better way to achieve better performance in the workforce. IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING Why Training is important? Training has been a subject of study for management and education literature. For career advancement employee training plays a crucial role in this changing work environment all over the world from past three decades; even training improve performance in their present job, learn new skills and create demand at their workplace. The change in technology, economy, demographic and other forces constantly creates a requirement of learning for the work force (Bhawuk, 2001). Training is important for introducing new concepts to workgroup for bringing in new system which may cover wide range new skills, different working environment, concepts and all the other factors which play an aggressive role for the company. It is must that a complete, effective and consistent training program is developed in order to motivate the staffs for acquiring new skills which is always profitable for the company. A superior training act as a building block of practical and technical skills required for his or her position (J. Monahan). The performance of the team suffers due to lack of skills in the team leaders for any assignment and which has additional impact on the organization in present and even in future. This lack on skills will also affect the work of staff working under team leaders and the staff working in the head offices. So it is important to draw the attention to the need to invest in employees training and development as the organizations performance can be affected by neglecting such a need (Bozionelos Lusher, 2003). Building Multicultural/ Transnational Team The dependence upon the team composed of managers from a range of different culture and countries is now a commonplace practice in multinational firms, and its a future aspect to work in a multitude way (Ravlin, Thomas, Ilsev, 2000). These teams are also known as transnational teams or multinational teams. A multinational team, in contrast to teams from a single culture, entails differences among members in language, interpersonal styles, and a host of other factors. Such differences can create a balance (cohesion and unity) or an imbalance (subgroup dominance, member exclusion, and other undesirable outcomes), depending on how they are handled- Earley and Gibson (2002). To build multinational teams we need to achieve 3 interrelated goals in order to be successful. Create a shared culture. Manage team conflict effectively, and Motivate members to invest time on behalf of the team (Gibson Earley, 2005). Achieving these goals simultaneously is not easy for any team but is particularly difficult for the multinational team. So the multinational companies should train people with cultural differences, learning styles, etc As discussed above. So collectively we can develop a multinational team through experience and even this process can be more strengthen if we keep strong hybrid norms and positive feedback. So building a transnational team is not so easy, it should be even have training for Repatriation, because to retain experienced and successful international managers is much more important to multinational companies. Multinational training practices in India and United States of America In Previous time, parents US based companies controlled the operations of their affiliates or subsidiaries in India by exporting their standardized Human resources management practices into the affiliates to ensure business effectiveness. This is known as an ethnocentric approach (Perlmutter, 1996). Lately the government of India was modernizing the trade liberalisation in the country during the id of 1991.For example an Indian Company i.e. Maruti Udyog, a public sector undertaking which manufactures cars in collaboration with Suzuki of Japan. Maruti Udyog had adopted the Japanese management style of training and building (Sapra, 1995).The uncertainty avoidance according to Hofstede dimensions (Hofstede Homepage), likely that building of trust and being a global player was very much low (Sharma, 1994). As we can see the cultural difference plays an important role in Training people. So from the above analysis we can find out that India is likely to adapt the training methods of US as considering to this essay. After the Boom of IT Industries in India, the Indian training system was the mixture of western style what is called as Hybrid System (Friedman, 2006).The new training system of India is also creating the same environment into relation with the training in USA, this is because the most IT investors are from USA. So the training methodologies are adopted from US companies and implemented in India with slight modification taking cultural aspect into consideration. According to Hofstede, power distance refers to the degree to which a society accepts a hierarchical or unequal distribution of power in organizations. United States of America is ranked as the lowest then compared to India. American Managers have very low degree tolerance of unequal power distance, which is vivid contrast to the managers of India. So the knowledge of Indian managers have relatively greater tolerance of unequal power distribution may be useful in helping us to understand certain training methods, for example lecturing, are more acceptable in Indian managers than their American counterpart. In lecturing, a great power distance tends to exist between the lecture and trainees. According to my personal experience in India is more towards theoretical approach way of learning things, where as America is more towards practical learning. To back up this statement, in my previous company back in India where I worked for a software Industry, as a prominent example, if a new software arrives into a market, Our training session for the new product would be a theoretical based. In India we used to give documents to learn about the new product. Even I had a change to go to USA for a software training program and they have a different approach , they have less theory and more of practical training, as the training was conducted we had hands on experience on the product. The practical way of learning is much easier than the theoretical way. To enhance the productivity they focus more on practical approach of training, this is the major difference I found in multinational companies in India and USA. Design of cross culture Training between India and USA It is very important to focus upon cultural specific training. A study by Hun and Jenkins (2000) will tell the difference in training methods in India and USA. Time Punctuality: In USA the starting time and ending time are very important, but in India it may be considered as exceptional. In India we have got flex timings and which may be acceptable. Linguistic barriers: English has become a business language all around the world, but most translation change with the county context. For example the pronunciation of America significantly differs from Indian way. Secondly certain terms may different meaning in different languages; India has 18 official languages and if it a government organization training it should be translated into official state language . Different meeting practices: When conducting training sections in USA, Hofstede (2001) dimensions like power distance says that USA has a low power distance and employee/ trainee may tend to call the boss/ trainer with their first name while it is impossible in India where it has high power distance. Body language and greeting: The way emotions are expressed in various cultures may differ, for example in India we greet people by joining our hands and say Namaste and where as in USA hand gesture conveys greeting of people (Pandey, 2004). Training programs are more knowledge aquisition programs (Black Mendenhall, 2001). Such training programs can be benifited to both local and parent companies to promote collaboration and knowledge exchange.Even subsidiries with highly skilled will be sometimes unsucessful in transfering his/her knowledge because of lack of training and support. Analysis Looking at both the countries and comparing between the India and USA the difference are: 1. The recruitement process in United States of America are more complex and tough due to their professional point of reference. Which is related to the orentation and introduction in India considered to be much complicated than United States of America (Gupta Govindarajan, 2000).This fact relate with and tell us the amount of time Indian organization spend on training. 2. USA has a more organized and more flexible system and can move across different responsibilities or task, but in India everyone is associated with a specific task and job title and has more job security than USA (Kabst, 2004). 3. India is a multi-religious country of various believes, so in any kind of training there should be not using individualistic visual stances or sexual portrayals of women that can hurt the values of Indian culture, where as in USA we can use those kinds of images (Ahmed, 2000). CONCLUSION: Altering nature of the workplace senses the requirement of additional training program. Globalization, internationalization of economy, employ of multicultural team and increased organizational diversity shows world is turning more cross cultural. In todays world culture plays a chief role in any multinational corporation it cannot be ignored. To face the challenges and meet the requirement in this increased internationalization of business additional training programs are critical. Human resource is a key ingredient in the successful operations of MNCs, without which all other resources could not be efficiently utilized. Training and development program will help us to uses maximum utilization of resources. As many large enterprises are going global, so we need more of cultural training to increase efficiency of any enterprise. It is very important that Human resource manager should be aware of cultural differences in training and development. The comparison between India and United States of America comes to believe that the training methods in Multinational Companies are almost same; the only difference is the cultural background. As we have first discusses generally why training is an important factor of any MNCs. Then we looked how to build Transnational teams with a brief description. We even looked upon the main difference between India and US training differences, which has only slightly change dude to the cultural values of India.

Vision of Heaven in the Poetry of Dickinson Essay -- Biography Biograp

Vision of Heaven in the Poetry of Dickinson      Ã‚  Ã‚   Emily Dickinson never became a member of the church although she lived in a typical New England Puritan community all her life. The well-known lines, "Some - keep the Sabbath - going to church - / I - keep it - staying at Home -" (P-236 [B]; J-324),1 suggest her defiance against the existing church and Christianity of her time in particular. And her manner of calling the Deity by such terms as "Burglar," "Banker" (P-39; J-49), and "a jealous God" (P-1752; J-1719) clearly discloses her antagonism against the Christian God. In fact, she insistently rejected being baptized even when her family members and intimate friends at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary had chosen to bow in faith before the Christian Lord. It is no exaggeration to say that Dickinson tried to deviate from the orthodox religious belief prevalent in the society she lived in.    Nevertheless, Dickinson was an avid reader of the Bible, and as Fordyce R. Bennett states in the preface to A Reference Guide to the Bible in Emily Dickinson's Poetry, "Dickinson found story and situation, syntax, symbolism and imagery, inspiration, and much more in the King James Bible" (xi). That is to say, no matter how much she felt uncomfortable among the Christian circle of the New England community of her day, she endeavored to "keep the Sabbath" (P-236 [B]; J-324) in her own way through the most reliable source, the Christian Scripture, which came to her hands quite easily.    The purpose of this paper, then, is to discuss Dickinson's poetry with reference to the Bible†¹especially, the Book of Revelation. One of her poems poses a question: "To that etherial throng / Have not each one of us the rig... ...sachusetts, 1985. Gilbert, Sandra M., and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination. New Haven: Yale UP, 1979. Sewall, Richard B. The Life of Emily Dickinson. 2 vols. 1974. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1980. Wolff, Cynthia Griffin. Emily Dickinson. 1986. Reading: Addison, 1988. Works Consulted Capps, Jack L. Emily Dickinson's Reading 1836-1886. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1966. Dickinson, Emily. The Poems of Emily Dickinson. Ed. Thomas H. Johnson. 3 vols. Cambridge: Belknap-Harvard UP, 1955. McIntosh, James. Nimble Believing: Dickinson and the Unknown. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2000. Mounce, Robert H. The Book of Revelation. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998. Rosenbaum, S. P., ed. A Concordance to the Poems of Emily Dickinson. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1964.   

Community behavior Essay

African American spirituality has woven collectively the best of African Anglo cultures to creatively shape their own African American identity. While black peoples have not been socially, politically or economically free in the history, the practice of spirituality has facilitated the development of different forms of cultural and spiritual freedom by interpreting, transcending and embracing, the constraints of an oppressive culture. Furthermore, the development of their own beliefs, norms, forms, practices, and structures has given rise to a culture and life that is a distinctive form of human survival, existence, and, freedom most importantly. The black churches as the centers of freedom influenced the praxis of African-American spirituality. They have become safe places where blacks gathered to embrace their combined concerns as a community of faith. They have been the only institutions in the African American experience that has continued relative independence from the domesticating influence of white pressure and overlords. Some black churches consider may be the last place to see integration due to the need to maintain a power base not available to black people elsewhere. After reviewing some aspects of worship as the context for cultural and spiritual freedom, black preaching in and out sides of the black churches are one of the most powerful expressions of freedom for black people in America. The ability to produce a soul language that defines truth into systems of meaning gives power and purpose to black people. Subsequently, Black community successfully adopts and adapts the structures of the much larger culture for their own purpose this practice comes from a double consciousness or translating. African Americans translated the experience of one kind to that of another which leading them to freedom. Therefore, black people spirituality gave freedom to the spirit and mind that the external condition could not take away. The religious approach is due to a deep faith in the sacredness of life that reaffirmed a personal dignity in blacks which resulted in the practice of nonviolence and mercy. Black community determines themselves how they responded to oppression. Various forms expressing improvisation and innovation from black soul forces constituted black culture. These forms under the subtitles black music, literature, humor, folk tales, sports, art and dance; and their worship forms under the headings of prayer, shouting, healing, dancing, singing praising and instrumental music transformation, teaching and preaching. These forms express that what is true and valuable will be determined by black community itself and will subvert and defy attempts of the larger culture to discern. Churches can prove to be of great importance as it helps in providing a psychological and physical assistance to their congregants by providing treatment and prevention oriented programs in the society. A great example from the history is the Black Church that has served through decades as an informal social guider. And its effectiveness posed people to research on the formal means. Substance abuse, support, health screening and education were some of the fields where the Black Church provided its services. Individuals and churches that are associated with it hold significant importance in the history as it created a chain between informal and formal system of care that benefited the society specially those who are marginalized or underserved. These programs were encouraged by many others like lay persons, natural helpers, and religious leaders. As far as these religious leaders are concerned, they made their finding in the treatment of mental illness and they made everyone realize that paraprofessional counselors are in no way less then the professional counselors. They made their achievement in four areas of community medicine: primary care delivery, health promotion and disease prevention, community mental health and health policy. The church had great potentials. It provided and outstanding performance in collaborating with formal care systems to maximize its programs. Eng et al. helped a great deal in promoting the church’s health care programs. Such â€Å"natural helpers† have gone through a training program where they learnt how to interact with the health professionals, resource mobilization, primary self-care skills and prevention, organization of educational and services-oriented activities. Whilst the lay advisors were supposed to foster social support, they were expected to promote a healthy general well-being of people and were asked to keep a close link with the formal care system. As far as the roles of religious leaders are concerned, they are not fully described in the health care literature. In the early 1970’s, a need for psychiatrics developed in rural areas, as these individuals were recognized the more underserved population. These investigations evolved and helped in the contribution of understanding the mental health status between the urban and the rural individuals. Social, economic and geographical factors are the attributes of such rural problems. The main difficulty in the rural life of South was to separate the effects of poverty from the effects of race, color, cast etc. but after some time the solution was discovered. But later it was discovered that only 3% of the licensed psychiatrics were practicing the rural areas and the rest were gone to nowhere. Rural populations were again left to the same position as it was before. â€Å"The Black Church has no challenger as the cultural womb of the black community. Not only did it give birth to new institutions such as schools, banks, insurance companies, and low income housing, it also provided an academy and an arena for political activities, and it nurtured young talent for musical, dramatic, and artistic development† (1990, 8) The factor of race still existed between these populations no-matter if it’s urban or rural; it also greatly affected the mental healths of each individual. Many theorists believe that White American have been always against the black consumers, because they have no understanding of black’s culture, traditions, beliefs etc. But on the other hand blacks are not either interested in consuming goods or services from the Whites. They are less likely to trust White therapists and try not to interact with them in any case. Studies proved that Blacks are interested in consuming goods and seeking services from the blacks due to the understanding of same culture and traditions, it is also based on the preference of similar attitudes and racial compatibility. The research grew further and further. The research helped in understanding the need to change and acceptance of cultural and attitudinal differences and system-levels barriers. Studies proved that racial identity can be a part of success. Here racial identity means that identification of diverse racial backgrounds; it includes the basic knowledge of one’s culture and traditions. Accepting the non normative behavior of minorities can also help in dealing with societies; therapists play a big role in understanding the culture background. Lack of understanding of cultural responsiveness may result in disturbance between racial differences and help seeking environment. As compare to white blacks are more tolerant of psychological distress. They are very quick in diagnoses of schizophrenia and psychosis and control such diseases in their premature stages. Individuals, interpersonal and system-level factors promote understanding of service utilization and psychiatric morbidity. They focus on individuals because individuals predict reasonable outcomes related to services and treatment. Researchers always pick out individuals to get correct outcomes; the individual factors include race, religiosity, beliefs about mental health and copying styles. Social support, stigma and social distance are included in interpersonal level. â€Å"The Black church tradition provided an environment for reapplying already learned processes for interdependence. Embedded within the individual were past experiences, traditions, values, and norms for emotions, cognitions, and behaviors conducive to relatedness and â€Å"interpersonal ness† that reflected a collective sense of belonging with, rather than to, caring, similar others† (2001, 40) Management of mental illness is essential to the social support in rural areas. An alternative to expensive or inaccessible impatient or out patient services are neighbors or extended families. Researchers have also identified the contributions made by natural helpers in promoting positive changes to the environment. Mental illness and health care systems motivated natural helpers to provide social support to the rural black communities. A powerful indicator of poor utilization of care is Stigma that is influenced by individuals and interpersonal levels. It discourages the search for formal services but encourages the social support and informal care systems. The study says that Blacks have higher levels of tolerating psychological distress; the main reason behind this is stigma and fear of hospitalization. This sometimes results in help-seeking from specialty providers but this happens only in extreme cases. This hypothesis shows the higher emergency level among Blacks compared to Whites, Asians and Hispanics. Informal systems are fostered by fear and stigma amongst the rural Blacks. It was noticed that poorer Blacks were more likely to experience distress, physical, mental and interpersonal problems as compared to wealthier Blacks. But as compared to Whites, 15% Blacks are less likely to seek help for emotional problems than their physical or interpersonal problems. Furthermore, Blacks seek help for their financial problems but this is limited to their geographical boundaries and economic barriers. The above study has made it clear that, urban counterparts provide more social and mental services as compared to the rural churches and it also have less links with the formal system and promote the informal systems of care. We also analyzed that White churches have more links with the formal system of care than Black Churches but Black Churches provide more social and mental health service.

An Economic Analysis of Argentina and Its Future essays

An Economic Analysis of Argentina and Its Future essays Officially known as the Argentine Republic, Argentina occupies the majority of the southern portion of South America. Argentines have tended to disagree about why it has been so hard for them to prosper economically or collaborate politically. Over the years, they have claimed that it was due to their unfortunate victimization, insisting that they were exploited by foreigners who were always economically more powerful than themselves. The people who ran the world economy, they said, controlled the nation's governments. While this interpretation of the nation's economic condition today is appealing because of it is simple and appears plausible, it relies too much on a single cause to account for the way Argentines practice politics. Furthermore, this explanation ignores the fact that countries facing similar economic problems do not always share Argentina's types of political problems. Today, Argentina's recovery from such disappointments and its prospects for future development are based on the potential manifested in its excellent resources and its well-educated populace (Eidt Argentina, an examination of some of the factors underlying Argentina current financial and economic crisis, a recommended recovery strategy, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion. People/Population. The population of Argentina has experienced enormous growth over the last century and a half, where it has witnessed a 20-fold increase since 1869, when 1.8 million people were recorded there by the first census (Eidt continued through the early part of the 20th century, but declined thereafter as both the birth rate and immigration also began to decline. The percentage of young people also declined during this period. Today, Argentina's birthrates and populati...

Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition Essays

Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition Essays Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition Essay Physical Security of Arms, Ammunition Essay Physical security of arms, ammunition. The importance of securing weapons comes down to maintaining accountability for operation security, mission success, and a soldier’s over all readiness. The habits of exercising security and accountability of a soldier’s items allow the soldier and their team to operate to the highest standards or have items be accessed by an opposing adversary creating loss of overall mission success. Any time anything happens or you are preparing to go to the field or deployment of course you have to have accountability and order. Without that there would be chaos. Accountability is not an abstract concept, it is actually really simple. Accountability means saying what you mean, meaning what you say, and doing what you say you are going to do. In short, accountability is taking responsibility for your words and actions. I have compiled a long list of strong reasons why weapons accountability is critically important, but I believe they boil down to three central issues: First, I am ineffective without my weapon; Second, an unmonitored weapon puts all of us in danger; and Last, a lost weapon will prompt many undesirable bureaucratic consequences. Finally, I will conclude this essay with a look at why I joined the military and what I hope to personally gain from this experience. What’s the worst that could happen? The worst that can happen is for a bad guy, either foreign or domestic, to take your weapon and use it against you or your buddies. It is bad enough to lose one’s life with one’s own weapon. It is even worse, in my opinion, to live with the knowledge that your weapon was used to take the lives of others. Thus proving not only is one ineffective without their weapon but it puts everyone else in danger. Why does it happen? It seems that weapon accountability is something we take for granted. There will be many times when a soldier is not within arms length of his weapon. Whether he or she is eating, working on a vehicle, or just hanging around the living quarters, their rifle is not likely to be in hand or slung behind their back. Another fact of why weapons can get left unattended is complacency. Soldiers will get in the habit of thinking their firearm as something you have to carry around all the time and less as an actual weapon that is used for the protection of themselves and their comrades. Lastly, distractions can play a key role in why weapons are left unattended. Different situations can bring their own share of distractions which makes it hard to concentrate on anything else. What can we learn from it? So what does this teach us? It teaches us that even if your in a place where you would think that your weapon is the most important thing you would think about, it is not. Being only human, highly trained, intelligent soldiers will forget where their weapons are. How do we ensure that this never happens to us? To ensure that this never happens to us, there are some common sense steps to take. First, team leaders must stress accountability. Each team member should be able to answer for where every important item they own is at any given time of day. When a team goes out for training, the team leader must make certain that every person in the team can account for their weapons and other important pieces of gear. The team leader can perform inspections, make sure that sensitive items are placed in a standard location when not in use, develop standard loading plans for vehicles, have weapon racks inside tents or buildings, and even stacking arms. The habit must be formed by each team member to always be conscious of where their weapons are. And the buddy system is great because buddies can watch out for each other. They will supervise and check each other, which can save the team leader a lot of headache. It is always good practice to keep your weapon within arms distance at all times. If I was to forget my weapon in a combat situation, I would have no way to defend myself or my fellow service members. Then I would have to live with that for the rest of my life. The repercussion of my actions could have fallen back on my platoon sergeant and my squad leader and cause embarassment for the entire platoon and company. That is not something I would want to happen as a result of me being complacent. One example of the dangers of leaving weapons unattended takes place in northeast Philadelphia. A police officer left a loaded gun on a table and a neighbor used it to accidentally kill his host. Another incident is a hunting accident. A twenty-one-year old male was killed while hunting when a shotgun accidentally discharged. The loaded weapon had been lying on the ground with the safety off and discharged when a dog stepped on the trigger. As important as it is to remember where your weapon is at all times, it is equally important to remember a few gun safety tips: Always treat every gun as if it were loaded. Never point a gun at something you would not want to shoot, hurt, or destroy, even if the gun is empty. When you are not shooting, always keep the muzzle of your weapon pointed in a safe direction. Never leave a loaded weapon unattended. Always keep your trigger finger outside of the trigger guard until the moment you’re going to fire. Always know what you are aiming at. Besides keeping weapons safe for the obvious reason of accountability, it is also important to remember your guard duties and responsibilities as a soldier. Guard duty is a very important job as a soldier serving in the US Army. When you are selected for this task, you are required to follow the Three General Orders. First General Order: I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved. Second General Order: I will obey my special orders and perform all of my duties in a military manner. Third General Order: I will report violations of my special orders, emergencies, and anything not covered in my instructions to the commander of the relief. Besides being on guard in a constant state of readiness, you are also obligated to perform various secondary tasks, such as verifying and maintaining one hundred percent accountability on personnel, weapons, and other equipment essential to the mission. When mission essential equipment is involved, special care and supervision is to be taken to make sure these items do not just â€Å"walk away†. Sometimes guard duty can result in a long amount of time with no relief, even temporary, such as a break to utilize the latrine. These situations happen, but under NO circumstances are you allowed to leave without proper relief. If proper relief, such as a soldier who was briefed on the same mission and is authorized to relieve you happens to be available, then he or she may relieve you. You are to make sure to report back in a timely manner. If you are on guard duty and an emergency issue, such as missing or damaged personnel or sensitive items, arises, you are to immediately report this to your relief and/ or your non- commissioned officer in charge. Should you fail these actions, you can and probably will ultimately be held responsible for these incidents or losses. Falling asleep on guard duty is highly discouraged. Falling asleep on guard duty can result in an Article Fifteen. Leaving weapons unattended is also punishable under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, which falls under the category of punitive orders. This order is described as leaving any tools, keys, weapons or any other work related materials necessary to perform your mission unattended or within the reach of persons unauthorized to possess them, or bringing any materials not necessary for the performance of the mission into a sensitive area or detainee area. A person who violates this order either negligently or intentionally may be punished under Article ninety-two for violating a lawful general order, or receive adverse administrative actions, or both. Consequences of violating this order could result in an Article Fifteen, which can result with loss of rank, pay, extra duty, or even jail time. The U. S. Army values are as follows Loyalty bear true faith and allegiance to the U. S. constitution, Army, your unit, and other soldiers. Duty, fulfill your obligations. Respect; treat people how you want to be treated. Selfless service put the welfare of the nation, the Army, and your subordinates before your own. Honor live up to the Army values. Integrity Do what’s right legally and morally, And Personal Courage, face fear, danger or adversity (physical and moral. Loyalty†¦ Loyalty is faithfulness or a devotion to a person or cause. I’m sure my trust with my NCOs support chain is all but gone. What I did was wrong and not loyal to the trust and respect you once had placed in me. When I took my oath on the day I joined I swore to serve the United States of America both honestly and faithfully. After the 27th of October I believe I have a lot of work to do before I am a responsible adult and soldier. I come a long way since I joined the army, but I still have a bit to go. Duty†¦ is a term that conveys a sense of moral commitment to someone or something. The moral commitment is the sort that results in action, and it is not a matter of passive feeling or mere recognition. When someone recognizes a duty, that person commits himself/herself to the cause involved without considering the self-interested courses of actions that may have been relevant previously. This is not to suggest that living a life of duty precludes one from the best sort of life, but duty does involve some sacrifice of immediate self-interest. By not being where I said I was going to be, I in no way fulfilled my obligations to the army, the company, or any of my NCOs. The formation I missed was important because I missed information that was prudent to me alone, which in fact I only hurt myself by having to miss even more time to take care of what I should have been doing on Monday. RESPECT†¦ Respect is esteem for or a sense of the worth or excellence of a person, a personal quality or ability, or something considered as a manifestation of a personal quality or ability. Along with the trust that I need to gain back from not only my NCOs but everyone else in my company, I also lost and have to gain the respect back from all the people who I lied to and hurt by my actions. I totally disrespected all soldiers and have no excuse for my actions. Selfless service†¦ Selfless Service is a commonly used term to denote a service which is performed without any expectation of result or award for the person performing it. I didn’t put the welfare of anyone in front of my own. Instead of selfless service I was only selfish and need to mature a lot but I have time to do it I believe. Honor†¦ honesty, fairness, or integrity in ones beliefs and actions . What I did was a great dishonor to me and most of all to my platoon in the eyes of the 1st Sergeant Syndnor. I made it to where the 1st sergeant now doesn’t trust the word of my platoon sergeants, and now she is second guessing them and making them double check everything. Personal courage†¦ Personal courage isnt the absence of fear; rather, its the ability to put fear aside and do whats necessary. It takes two forms, physical and moral. Good leaders demonstrate both. I believe that I showed some personal courage in finally telling the truth and facing what I had coming. Physical courage means overcoming fears of bodily harm and doing your duty. Its the bravery that allows a soldier to take risks in combat in spite of the fear of wounds or death. Physical courage is what gets the soldier at Airborne School out the aircraft door. Its what allows an infantryman to assault a bunker to save his buddies. In contrast, moral courage is the willingness to stand firm on your values, principles, and convictions, even when threatened. It enables leaders to stand up for what they believe is right, regardless of the consequences. Leaders, who take responsibility for their decisions and actions, even when things go wrong, display moral courage. Courageous leaders are willing to look critically inside themselves, consider new ideas, and change what needs changing. Accountability is a concept in ethics with several meanings. It is often used synonymously with such concepts as answerability, enforcement, responsibility , blameworthiness, liability and other terms associated with the expectation of account-giving. As an aspect of governance, it has been central to discussions related to problems in both the public and private worlds. Accountability is very important because it allows for your chain of command to know where you are at the moment, It is also important because it ells the unit commanders also the none commissioned officers how around how many personnel are available to perform certain tasks, If a leader does not know around how many troops are available then he/she will not know who is available to do what, Everything must be accounted for, from food, rounds, troops, vehicles, fuel, and so on. Discipline and accou ntability to your unit is a must, so they know where you are and that you are safe and the military is run off discipline without it we wouldn’t be the greatest military/army in the history of the world. Also the U. S. rmy values imply that soldiers are accountable for their actions. Being accountable means being dependable-arriving to work on time and appointments on time, meeting deadlines, being in the right place at the right time, doing the right thing at the right time. Morning formation is the most important formation of the day. It is made to get accountability of everyone and put out any information that there needs to be dealt with. Without having accountability there is no knowing of where everybody is or whats going on. As a result of me showing up late and not calling in or lying I am pending U. C. M. J action under article 15. Knowing and realizing the severity of what I have done, I have realized that is an important asset always showing up on time at the right place of duty. Not only does accountability matter in formation it is also imperative to have accountability of all your weapons and sensitive items. The obligation imposed by law or lawful order or regulation on an officer or other person for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds. The person having this obligation may or may not have actual possession of the property, documents, or funds. Accountability is concerned primarily with records, while responsibility is concerned primarily with custody, care, and safekeeping. Accountability can be is a responsibility anyone can have at any time. The accountability usually goes to the higher ranking that is in charge at that time. I have been in charge many times to keep accountability on things that were sensitive items. The importance of keeping accountability of your weapon, and other equipment you may have, is very high because if in the wrong hands it can be used against us. It can be used against us in war. It also can be used against us on our own streets. Whether we leave it around for a couple minutes or a half an hour, someone can take our equipment with us not realizing it. Leaving your equipment or weapon around can not only be bad for you, but for your buddy next to you. Your buddy might also get into trouble if he was there with you when you lost track of that equipment or weapon. In order to be a good soldier, and a good leader, you have to understand how important it is to keep accountability of your equipment and weapon. If your are in a position to take care of other soldiers or you are higher ranking of other soldiers, you can not be messing up. Soldiers will follow what you do and think that it is okay to slack off. Meaning that if you are not accounting for something that you should be accountable for, you do not care about your job or the ones around you. If you do not keep accountability of your weapon, your are not following the Soldiers Creed. In the Soldiers Creed, you swear to always maintain your arms, your equipment and yourself. This is a very important part of the Soldiers Creed. If you do not do this, you can not complete your mission to the standards you are required to meet. Not completing your mission can and will cause the lives of you or other soldiers. So you can see that losing or not keeping accountability of your weapon will not just have one effect on you or others, but many more beyond that. We all know the worst that could happen-that’s easy. The worst that could happen is for a bad guy (here or at home) to take your weapon and use it against you or your buddies. Frankly, I don’t know which is worse; losing one’s life to one’s own weapon, or living with knowing that your buddies are dead through your carelessness. What’s this teach us? Very simply, it teaches us that even in a place where you would think your weapon is the most important thing you think about, it ain’t. Highly trained and intelligent soldiers, being only human, will forget where their weapons are. No sense denying it. It happens here and can happen to you or me at home. Now what do we do to minimize the likelihood of this happening to us? There’s no one foolproof system. As a former co-worker of mine back home used to say that there’s no such thing as foolproof†¦the best you can hope for is ‘idiot-resistant. ’ There are common-sense steps to take, though, and they must be scrupulously observed. Team leaders MUST stress accountability. Every team member must be able to answer where every important thing they own is at any given time of day. This doesn’t happen overnight, it must be trained. Whenever a team goes out for training, the team leader must ensure that everyone can account for their rifles and other important pieces of gear at all times. The team leader has a number of tools at his disposal to ensure this is done. He can perform inspections. He can ensure that sensitive items are placed in a standard location when not in use or carried (as when bivouacking). He can develop standard loading plans for vehicles. He can have weapon racks inside tents or buildings. Even stacking arms in a bivouac site has merit; there’s a very good reason soldiers are still taught to stack their assault rifles, just like their great-great grandfathers stacked their muskets. Team members must get in the habit of always being conscious of where their weapons are. I have only a few places I keep my rifle at any given time, and I put it in the same place every time. While at work, my rifle is stored in a rack, in the same slot every time. At the mess hall, it’s at my feet. When I’m in my living quarters, it’s next to the same corner of my cot every time. I never have to think about where it is, because I’ve learned to leave it in the same place every time. Buddies have to look out for each other. Buddy teams are great. When they work, they save the team leader tons of headache and indigestion, because buddies will supervise and check each other, if for no other reason than to keep from getting in trouble with the team leader. The bottom line is for everyone to understand that people WILL misplace their weapons, and must train themselves into simple, common-sense habits that minimize the possibility of it happening to them. Team leaders must also understand this, and make accountability an important part of everything their team does. The other day, when I left my weapon back at work, I not only ruined my image more, but I showed everyone in the platoon that I still have some work to do when it comes to my accountability skills and my attitude. By the end of this paper I hope I have shown those who’ve read this that I do understand the seriousness of maintaining accountability of not only my personally assigned weapon, but all of my sensitive items and everything else I’m personally responsible for. After taking some time to think and brainstorm about what I wanted to get across with this essay, I think weapons accountability simply comes down to three basic concepts. First is the fact that I am pretty much useless in battle without my weapon. Second is that a weapon left alone is a weapon begging for the enemy to pick it up and use it against us. And third, a lost weapon or lost anything really, shows a lack of self discipline and a ‘I don’t really give two shits’ attitude. Accountability, in some way, shape, or form, has something to do with pretty much everything we do in the rmy, from everyday formations, to field exercises, to combat deployments. I also feel that sometimes something as simple as weapons accountability is taken for granted. I should never go anywhere without it and it is always good practice to keep it within a arms distance at all times. If i was to forget it in a combat situation i would have no way to defend myself or my fellow service members. Then i would have to live with that for the rest of my life. If the company had done one hundred percent accountability the repercussion of my actions could have fallen back on my platoon Sgt. nd my squad leader and cause embarrassment for the entire platoon and company. That is not something i would want to have happen as a result of me being complacent. And although it may have been a simple oversight, this simple oversight could have compounded into a massive issue. The army gives us the M9 to defend ourselves if the situation arises and I would not of been able to do that so instead of helping the situation I would have been hurting it. I would never intentionally hurt or set up my battle buddies for failure. Keeping your rifle on you is just as important as keeping it clean or count of the ammo that goes with it. This equipment is critical to our war fighting capability and highly desired by criminal and terrorist elements. It is imperative that commanders and leaders at all levels of command manage the control of sensitive items. While on base, weapons and sensitive items will be centrally controlled by a designated individual. Hand receipts will be utilized during training events where weapons or sensitive items are needed and will be signed out to the individual soldier. Weapons and sensitive item not being accountable, is a very big mistake on who is supposed to keep track of these items. Equipment accountability is crucial to completing any and every mission placed before a soldier, a squad, a company, platoon, team, etc. If the necessary obligation of accountability is ignored, a duty, a mission, or aborted due to the lack of cooperation and respect to the rule of equipment accountability. The soldiers creed states the following â€Å"I am physically and mentally tough, trained and proficient in my warrior tasks and drills, I always maintain my arms, my equipment and myself† This can not be done without the proper equipment. The only way to keep track of the right equipment is to write information down, remember the location of the written note or remember which person has the proper information for which duty, drill, or any other assignment. Like weapons, vehicles and round counts, a soldiers ID card is one of the most important elements and pieces a soldier should and must ave on his person at all times, day and night, rain or shine. Without an ID card, military personal may be subject to not only failing to report to work on time, or be unable to buy groceries on base but, also more importantly failing to comply with the soldiers creed. It is an official document used by the military: a way of life to ones life and obligation to our government and the nations families. The ID and the weapon are extremely vital and sensitive article for a soldier. A soldiers ID is not only a picture, it carries personal information from the color of your eyes to ones social security number. It Is kind of like a secret folder that holds all the key information needed by another person to steal ones identity and gain access to personal information for multiple uses. It is expected of the soldier whos picture and social is on the card to care for this item, and to hold it in utmost security. A soldier is one individual. A soldier is one person of one group, in a group to create our army. The army must act as one unit, cooperate with one another, communicate amongst each other, put faith in one another – in all, put one soldiers life in the hands of the army. This is for the protection of our nations people. Therefore, equipment accountability for even one warrior must be held as if he was the highest chain of command. It is so simple: each soldier is one piece to the whole; if one is astray for the pack, then where is the unit? The group? The leadership? None are in existance because of one unaccounted-for-piece of information. This is because there is a hole in the system: a lack that must be repaired immediately to ensure the safety and smooth duties, missions, and every other obligation out military is called upon for. It is very important at all times for a soldier to know where their weapon ,headset or any equipment are. Especially when at war. A soldier without his/her equipment is handicapped, he she can not defend him or herself from enemy fire without having their weapon ready ,nor communicate with people in their convoy without their headset. Having your weapon and headset secure is also a matter of safety. Going out on any mission in the military without necessary equipment is dangerous. A soldier can not be ready to engage the enemy without his/her necessary equipment near and ready. Also when you know where your weapons, headsets, and other equipment are you are providing a good xample to other soldiers on how to always keep track of important items. Keeping track of important items is part of a soldier’s many duties. Accountability in the Army is very important. Whether it be with people or with items and weapons. In the United States Military, losing a weapon is unacceptable. I could write this five thousand word essay and fill it with excuses as to why I forgot my weapon, but the fact of the matter is that there is no excuse. Being accountable is very important. The U. S. Army values Soldiers that are accountable for their actions. Not only does the U. S. Army value Soldiers who are accountable for themselves, they value dependable Soldiers. To be a dependable Soldier you must show your NCO’s that you can arriving to work and appointments on time, meet deadlines, be in the right place at the right time, and doing the right thing at the right time. Morning formation is the most important formation of the day. It is made to get accountability of everyone and put out any information that there needs to be dealt with. Without having accountability there is no knowing of where everybody is or whats going on. Now knowing the severity of my actions, I have realized that is an important asset to always be accountable for my weapons. Not only does accountability matter in formation it is also imperative to have accountability of work and appointments. In case of emergency and something were to happen to myself no one would have any knowing if I was hurt or involved, therefore causing a lot of confusion and drama within my Change of Command. Without accountability the U. S. Army would be unorganized and chaos. Accountability is concerned primarily with records, while responsibility is concerned primarily with custody, care, and safekeeping. A leader takes charge and takes accountability for all those who fall under his or her leadership. Personnel accountability is critical in the event of a disaster or national emergency. Ensuring strict accountability for our military members is relatively easy because they are required to provide supervisors with contact information when they depart on leave even on there off time they are required to be accounted for. One who takes responsibility for those who works under his or her authority needs to have accountability at all times. Being accountable is what the military is all about. Being accountable means being dependable, arriving to work, and appointments on time, meeting deadlines, being in the right place at the right time, and doing the right things at all times even when no one is looking. Being accountable also includes being in the right uniform, and having all necessary equipment, gear, and documents that you might need for that day in order to accomplish that days mission. Accountability is a vital part of all military operations. If one person is late, missing, or doesn’t have the required military equipment or documents then the entire mission is compromised and has the risk of failing.